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Griggs v. Duke Power Co.
(詳細は401 U.S. 424 ) (1971), was a court case argued before the Supreme Court of the United States on December 14, 1970. It concerned employment discrimination and the adverse impact theory and was decided on March 8, 1971. It is generally considered the first case of its type.
The Supreme Court ruled that the company's employment requirements did not pertain to applicants' ability to perform the job, and so was discriminating against black employees. The judgment famously includes the line "Congress has now provided that tests or criteria for employment or promotion may not provide equality of opportunity merely in the sense of the fabled offer of milk to the stork and the fox."〔
==Facts==
Duke Power Company, was a public utility corporation who was involved in the generation, transmission, distribution, and sale of electric power to the general public in North Carolina and South Carolina. Duke Power also supplied electric power to federal government agencies and, for that reason, was subject to an Executive Order that prohibited discrimination in employment.
In the 1950s Duke Power's Dan River plant had a policy that blacks were allowed to work only in its Labor department, which constituted the lowest-paying positions in the company.〔(Civil Rights Act of 1964 )〕 In 1955 the company added the requirement of a high school diploma for its higher paid jobs.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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